[90] As no candidate won a majority of the electoral votes, the House was required to hold a contingent election under the terms of the Twelfth Amendment. He called for major investments in internal improvements as well as the creation of a national university, a naval academy, and a national astronomical observatory. [131] Regardless, Adams signed the Tariff of 1828, which became known as the "Tariff of Abominations" by opponents. Two years later, he published another series of essays attacking Edmond-Charles Genêt, a French diplomat who sought to undermine President George Washington's policy of neutrality in the French Revolutionary Wars. [151] In response, followers of Jackson attacked Adams's personal life, and the campaign turned increasingly nasty. "[208] He rose to answer a question put forth by Speaker of the House Robert Charles Winthrop. [93] Adams also met with Federalists such as Daniel Webster, promising that he would not deny governmental positions to members of their party. [62] He also sought to avoid exacerbating sectional tensions, which had been a major issue for the country during the War of 1812. Wikipedia, Inaugurated as the 16th President of the United States, and ended upon his assassination and death on April 15, 1865, days into his second term.

[17] Adams initially opposed the ratification of the United States Constitution, but he ultimately came to accept the document, and in 1789 his father was elected as the first Vice President of the United States.

[182] However, Harrison died in April 1841 and was succeeded by Vice President John Tyler, a Southerner who, unlike Adams, Henry Clay, and many other prominent Whigs, did not embrace the American System.

[16] After graduating from Harvard, he studied law with Theophilus Parsons in Newburyport, Massachusetts, from 1787 to 1789. [165] Nonetheless, he would win election to nine terms, serving from 1831 until his death in 1848. [111] Adams's proposal to establish a national bankruptcy law was also defeated. [144] As part of this goal, the administration favored sending a United States delegation to the Congress of Panama, an 1826 conference of New World republics organized by Simón Bolívar. Ambassador to the United Kingdom, 1814–1817, U.S. Adams became increasingly frustrated with the unwillingness of other Federalists to condemn British actions, including impressment, and he moved closer to the Jefferson administration. The American Presidency ProjectJohn Woolley and Gerhard PetersContact, Copyright © The American Presidency ProjectTerms of Service | Privacy | Accessibility, John Quincy Adams Papers (Library of Congress), The Diaries of John Quincy Adams (The Massachusetts Historical Society), Adams Family Papers (Masachusetts Historical Society), Biography of John Quincy Adams by Margaret A. Hogan, Biography of John Quincy Adams by Mary W. M. Hargreaves, Reply of the President Elect to Notification of Election. Adams thought his depression was due to the high expectations demanded of him by his father and mother. Wilson, a Democrat who previously served as the governor of New Jersey, took office as the 28th U.S. President after winning the 1912 presidential election, gaining a large majority in the Electoral College and a 42% plurality of the popular vote in a four–candidate field.

The treaty was signed on December 24, 1814. Adams's parents disapproved of his decision to marry a woman who had grown up in England, but he informed his parents that he would not reconsider his decision. [135] Though many saw Troup as unreasonable in his dealings with the federal government and the Native Americans, the administration's handling of the incident alienated those in the Deep South who favored immediate Indian removal.

[141] Despite the loss of trade with the British West Indies, the other commercial agreements secured by Adams helped expand the overall volume of United States exports. Wikipedia, Inaugurated as President of the United States, and ended on March 4, 1913.


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