This article will discuss the anatomy of the peritoneum, including key related topics; peritoneal cavity, omenta, mesentery, ligaments, and peritoneal relations. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone. The functionality of the peritoneum is always to help and also cover the internal organs inside the abdomen. The pleura is located in the chest cavity, either lining the chest wall (parietal pleura) or covering the lung (visceral pleura), and the peritoneum is the corresponding tissue in the abdomen. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! The hepatoduodenal ligament carries the portal triad – hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery proper, common bile duct. Register now The infracolic compartment is posterior and inferior to the transverse mesocolon. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. The lesser omentum extends superiorly from the lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum to the liver. Not merely can the problem scatter to further organs, however it can blend with the bloodstream which results in sepsis. “I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half.” The greater omentum hangs like a curtain covering the anterior surface of the small intestine. Peritonitis is usually caused by intestinal bacteria which find their way to the peritoneum via lymph (lymphatic dissemination) or ruptured bowel. In any case, it is important to treat ascites as a potential complication of this state is peritonitis – inflammation of the peritoneum. Learn more about the layers of the peritoneum and peritoneal cavity anatomy here: There are two divisions of the peritoneal cavity: lesser sac (omental bursa) and greater sac. The peritoneum tend to be considered a balloon into which the internal organs are hard pressed from outside.

Depending on how deep the abdominal organs dive into the peritoneum during development, they can be classified as: Intraperitoneal organs are completely wrapped by visceral peritoneum. The gastrophrenic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, gastrocolic ligament and splenorenal ligament form part of the greater omentum. Although seldom the primary site of toxicity, alterations to the peritoneum… Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

The mesentery of the small intestine is simply called the mesentery or mesentery proper, while the other parts of the digestive system have their mesenteries named more specifically: transverse mesocolon, sigmoid mesocolon, and mesoappendix. In most cases it emerges as a complication of ascites. The cavity is filled with a small amount of serous peritoneal fluid secreted by the mesothelial cells which line the peritoneum. (2015). Functions of the peritoneum and the greater omentum are: mechanical protection of the anterior abdominal wall. The lesser sac communicates with the greater sac via the epiploic foramen (omental foramen) found posterior to the free edge of the lesser omentum. The supplementary cellular layer takes care of the organs which is called the visceral peritoneum. Peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum, results from bacteria entering a perforation in the gastrointestinal tract. At this time, abdominal organs are small and pressed against the posterior abdominal wall. The peritoneum is a membrane made up of two layers. The superior recess is bordered by the diaphragm and the coronary ligament of the liver, while the inferior recess is found between the folding layers of the greater omentum. Our engaging videos, interactive quizzes, in-depth articles and HD atlas are here to get you top results faster. The peritoneum helps support the organs in the abdominal cavity and also allows nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels to pass through to the organs.

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