Poverty and malnutrition are rampant. Toward the end of the year, the Sudanese government signed a pre-negotiation agreement with two of the armed groups active in Darfur with the intention of restarting talks in 2019 (Sudan Tribune, 2 December 2018). Myanmar’s mass expulsion of 700,000 Rohingya, the Syrian regime’s brutal suppression of a popular uprising, the Cameroonian government’s apparent determination to crush an Anglophone insurgency rather than tackle the grievances fueling it, the Venezuelan government’s economic warfare against its own people, and the silencing of dissent in Turkey, Egypt, and elsewhere are but a few examples. Such a surge in inter-communal violence may be a function of the SPLM and SPLM-IO continuing to fight through proxy forces, a result of uncertainty over the distribution of political power among minor militias, or a mixture of both. Heightening the sense of lawlessness is Beijing’s unjust detention of three Canadians – including one of my colleagues, the North East Asia expert Michael Kovrig – widely seen as a tit for tat for Canada’s arrest of Huawei executive Meng Wanzhou, wanted for Iran sanctions violations by the U.S., with which Canada has an extradition treaty. A strike on Indian forces almost certainly would precipitate Indian retaliation against Pakistan, regardless of whether Islamabad is complicit in the plan. The AA is part of the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee (FPNCC), an alliance of seven EAOs that have not signed the NCA. He has won accolades at home and abroad – including the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize. Since South Sudan’s civil war erupted five years ago, 400,000 people have died. Ten Conflicts to Worry About in 2019 Source. But the opportunity could evaporate. That chance, however, is the product of a confluence of local, regional, and international factors and, if not seized now, may quickly fade. Zelenskyy’s predecessor, Petro Poroshenko, negotiated the 2014-2015 Minsk agreements, which aim to end the Donbas conflict; they call for the separatist-held areas’ reintegration into Ukraine in exchange for their autonomy, or “special status”. The wind is in the sails of strongmen worldwide. A crisis in Cameroon’s Anglophone areas is on the verge of escalating into civil war and destabilising a country that was once considered an island of relative calm in a troubled region.

Haftar claims to be combating terrorists. These conflicts commonly pit farming communities against herders — often a result of government policies that benefit one over the other. Without such steps, Venezuela’s collapse remains possible, and the suffering of its people looks set to continue, with the country’s neighbours left to pick up the pieces. The two primary participants of the current conflict are the government of South Sudan and its armed forces (including the Sudan People’s Liberation Army, now rebranded as the South Sudan People’s Defence Forces, alongside special units outside of the army) headed by President Salva Kiir against the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-in-Opposition (SPLM-IO) headed by former Vice President Riek Machar. Burkina Faso is the latest country to fall victim to the instability plaguing Africa’s Sahel region.

Targeting Islamists: Assassinations in South Yemen, Exporting (In)Stability: The UAE’s Role in Yemen and The Horn Of Africa, ACLED Methodology and Coding Decisions around the Yemen Civil War, Violence against Civilians in Afghanistan: The Taliban and the Islamic State, Fighting Bullets with Ballots: Afghanistan’s Chaotic Election, Special Focus on Coalition Forces in the Middle East: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Forces in Afghanistan, ACLED Methodology and Coding Decisions around the Conflict in Afghanistan, Special Focus on Coalition Forces in the Middle East: The Global Coalition Against Daesh in Iraq and Syria, The Reconstitution of the Islamic State’s Insurgency in Central Iraq, IS Underground: The Post-War Threat to Iraqi Civilians, Myanmar: Peace Talks Belied by Ongoing Conflict in Rakhine and Chin States, Understanding Inter-Ethnic Conflict in Myanmar, Analysis of the FPNCC/Northern Alliance and Myanmar Conflict Dynamics, The Many Sides of International Peacekeeping in Africa, Duterte’s War: Drug-Related Violence in the Philippines, “Ninja” Cops: Duterte’s War on Police Linked to Illegal Drugs in the Philippines, ACLED Methodology and Coding Decisions around the Philippines Drug War, Reclaiming the South: The New Regime Offensive, Leading from Behind: Global Coalition Support Crucial against Islamic State in Syria, Divide and Conquer: Iran, Russia, and Loyalist Militias in Syria’s Deir-ez-Zor, Upping the Ante: Turkey Renews its Campaign against the YPG in Northern Syria, Operation Olive Branch: Patterns of Violence and Future Turkish Offensives, IS After ‘Defeat’: Guerilla Tactics in the Desert, Methodology: Mapping Territorial Control, Contestation, and Activity in Syria, Targeting Tripoli: Newly Active Militias Targeting Capital in 2018, Flour Power: Protests and Riots in Sudan in December 2018, 10 Hidden Conflicts in Africa: #4 Darfur and its Armed Non-State Groups, Crackdown on Political Opposition in Cuba, Cabo Ligado Weekly: 28 September-4 October 2020, CDT Spotlight: Continuing Conflict in Jammu & Kashmir. Violence has spread, blighting much of the north and east, displacing about half a million people (of the country’s total population of 20 million) and threatening to destabilise regions further afield, including the south west. With the U.S. seemingly downplaying the possibility of a military intervention – even as Venezuelan opposition hardliners pine for one – the issue is now whether Maduro’s obstinacy and the opposition’s and Washington’s lack of realism will mean a deepening crisis and possible flare-up, or whether more pragmatic voices can find a path to agreement.

Continuing with the status quo offers only the prospect of endless war, while precipitously pulling U.S. forces out without an agreement could herald a return to the multifront civil war of the 1990s and even worse violence. Moscow claims the boats were entering its coastal waters and that Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko provoked the skirmish to shore up Western backing and his domestic base ahead of presidential elections scheduled for March 2019.

(CNN)Armed conflicts are worsening around the world and children are suffering terrible damage as a result, UNICEF, the United Nations' (UN) children's agency, said in a statement Monday. In northern Shan state, the RCSS/SSA-S and a joint force comprised of the Palaung State Liberation Front/Ta’ang National Liberation Army (PSLF/TNLA) and Shan State Progress Party/Shan State Army-North (SSPP/SSA-N) have clashed frequently over the past year. But any respite is likely to be short-lived.

If one place has borne the brunt of international lawlessness over the past year it is Yemen. Water Governance and Demonstrations in Chihuahua, Mexico, Consolidated Power and Growing Unrest: Putin’s Russia in Summer 2020, Demonstrations & Political Violence in America: New Data for Summer 2020, Mid-Year Update: 10 Conflicts to Worry About in 2020, A Great and Sudden Change: The Global Political Violence Landscape Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic. Last year, the Taliban made some territorial gains during their annual spring offensive – codenamed Al Khandaq – particularly in the provinces of Faryab, Urozgan, and Ghazni. An envoy, clearly backed by Western and other actors outside the region, might help keep regional leaders focused on ensuring the deal does not fall apart, as well as build consensus for a wider settlement that shares power across South Sudan’s groups and regions. But they had ethnic undertones too, particularly in Ethiopia’s most populous regions, Amhara and Oromia, whose leaders hoped to reduce the long-dominant Tigray minority’s influence.

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