After Galerius elevated Licinius to the rank of augustus in 308, a resentful Maximinus had his troops proclaim him augustus. [12], Maximinus hated the nobility and was ruthless towards those he suspected of plotting against him.
He served as the commander of the ‘Legio IV Italica’ when Severus Alexander was assassinated by his own people. [18], This article is about the 4th-century Roman Emperor.
Maximinus wrestled 16 of the emperor’s burliest soldiers. He joined the army during the reign of Septimius Severus,[14] but did not rise to a powerful position until promoted by Alexander Severus.
Maximinus II (Latin language: Gaius Valerius Galerius Maximinus Daia Augustus He was born of Dacian peasant stock to the sister of the emperor Galerius near their family lands around Felix Romuliana, a rural area then in the Danubian region of Moesia, now Eastern Serbia. The swift collapse of the revolt in Africa did little to dampen the
The legions elected him to take over Alexander’s rule and although the senate weren’t happy having a peasant as a ruler he was supported strongly by the praetorian guard.
He was physically imposing as a young man and PRIMARY SOURCES: Herodian, books 7-8 (available in the Loeb Classical Library), Historia Augusta, Life of the Two Maximini (not trustworthy; Der Beginn der Reichskrise? of relatively minor military appointments until Severus Log in. Maximinus was the first emperor who hailed neither from the senatorial class nor from the equestrian class. In 236 Maximinus named his son Maximus as Caesar and had his deceased For the 3rd-century Roman Emperor, see. The historical tradition has been universally unkind to Maximinus. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.
As Syme observes, however, it is quite likely that he did come from one of the Thracian provinces,… to access large area maps.
The future emperor's career seems to have been spent in a long series In 313 he invaded Licinius’s dominions in Thrace but, defeated at Tzurulum, was forced to retreat into Asia Minor, where he committed suicide in Tarsus. He hated the nobility and suspected many of plotting against him, but as a result of this over-cautiousness he thwarted at least two plots against him. [19] The first was during a campaign across the Rhine, when a group of officers, supported by influential senators, plotted to destroy a bridge across the river, in order to strand Maximinus in hostile territory. [34] In May 238, soldiers of the II Parthica in his camp assassinated him, his son, and his chief ministers.
[29] He marched on Carthage and easily overwhelmed the local militias defending the city. troops to accept senatorial commanders, a trend that would continue under embraced the revolt, switching allegiance to Gordian. In all they showed patience in behalf of religion rather than transfer to idols the reverence due to God.
in northwest Serbia near the Bosnian and Croatian borders), and the war This story may have evolved into the legend of Dorothea of Alexandria. [citation needed] He began by eliminating the close advisors of Alexander. [11], Maximinus' death was variously ascribed "to despair, to poison, and to the divine justice". The
In 238 (which came to be known as the Year of the Six Emperors), a senatorial revolt broke out, leading to the successive proclamation of Gordian I, Gordian II, Pupienus, Balbinus and Gordian III as emperors in opposition to Maximinus.
In the autumn of 312 Maximinus relaxed his persecutions somewhat, and shortly before his death in 313 he granted full toleration and the restoration of the confiscated church property.
Maximinus advanced on Rome to put down the revolt, but was halted at Aquileia, where he was assassinated by disaffected elements of the Legio II Parthica. He also allegedly lived a … Adrienne Mayor is a Research Scholar in Classics and History of Science, Stanford University. [45], Although not going into the supposedly detailed portions of Historia Augusta, the historian Herodian, a contemporary of Maximinus, mentions him as a man of greater size, noting that: "He was in any case a man of such frightening appearance and colossal size that there is no obvious comparison to be drawn with any of the best-trained Greek athletes or warrior elite of the barbarians. He was a so-called barracks emperor of the 3rd century;[6] his rule is often considered to mark the beginning of the Crisis of the Third Century. other "soldier-emperors" of the third century. In one rescript replying to a petition made by the inhabitants of Tyre, transcribed by Eusebius of Caesarea,[8] Maximinus expounds an pagan orthodoxy, explaining that it is through "the kindly care of the gods" that one could hope for good crops, health, and the peaceful sea, and that not being the case, one should blame "the destructive error of the empty vanity of those impious men [that] weighed down the whole world with shame". immediate advisors were dismissed or killed, Maximinus seems initially He usurped the throne from emperor Gratian in 383, through negotiation with emperor Theodosius I. wife Paulina deified. ), elevating themselves, via a military career, from the condition of a common soldier in one of the Roman legions to the foremost positions of political power. …Maximian, Galerius, Constantine, Maxentius, Maximinus Daia, Licinius (who had been promoted Augustus in 308 by Galerius against Constantine), and, in Africa, the usurper Domitius Alexander.…, …of two of his favourites, Maximinus (his nephew) and Flavius Valerius Severus, to be caesars in both East and West, he was in effect the supreme ruler.
[citation needed], Maximinus' first campaign was against the Alemanni, whom he defeated despite heavy Roman casualties in a swamp in the Agri Decumates. Maximinus Post was not sent - check your email addresses!
© Copyright 2007 - 2013 Ancient Roman Emperors. He also allegedly lived a highly dissolute lifestyle: And he went to such an excess of folly and drunkenness that his mind was deranged and crazed in his carousals; and he gave commands when intoxicated of which he repented afterward when sober.
Maximinus was born around the year 173 in a village in Thrace (roughly Stories circulated claims that he was born outside of Thrace are not convincing.
Maximinus Daia (Galerius Valerius Maximinus; 20 November c. 270 – c. July 313) was Roman emperor from 310 to 313. [28] Maximinus, wintering at Sirmium, immediately assembled his army and advanced on Rome, the Pannonian legions leading the way.
soldier and been granted Roman citizenship. Maximinus took up the office of emperor in Nicomedia on May 1, 305, and immediately thereafter left the city for Caesarea, hurrying, Lactantius alleges, so as to oppress and trample the diocese of Oriens. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Maximin Daia's Policy and the Edicts of Toleration", "Santa Dorotea di Alessandria su santiebeati.it", Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maximinus_Daia&oldid=978579413, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from September 2012, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, A son and daughter, both murdered by Licinius, Galerius Valerius Maximinus nobilissimus Caesar (305), This page was last edited on 15 September 2020, at 19:18.
Thrax, "the Thracian.". And when they were dragged away for corrupt purposes, they surrendered their lives to death rather than their bodies to impurity. Maximinus, original name Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus, also called Maximin or Maximinus Thrax (“The Thracian”), (born c. 173, Thrace [modern Bulgaria and portions of Turkey]—died 238, near Aquileia [now in Italy]), first soldier who rose through the ranks to become Roman emperor (235–238). Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus AD173 ~ AD238. arrived to find his minimally supplied troops bogged down in a siege, while He was chosen as the emperor of Rome because of his harsh ways, which were completely different from the appeasement policies of Alexander. However, they mistrusted each other, and ultimately both were murdered by the Praetorian Guard, making Gordian III sole surviving Emperor. His troops became disaffected during the unexpected siege of the city, at which time they suffered from starvation. Born as Gaius Iulius Verus Maximinus in 173, he was the first emperor to never actually set foot in Rome and his rule marked the beginning of the “Crisis of the Third Century”. Maximinus was a short-lived and unloved Roman emperor. [citation needed] The second plot involved Mesopotamian archers who were loyal to Alexander. On Galerius’s death in 311, Maximinus occupied Asia Minor.
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